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The second major effect of the oil spill is seen on the economy. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, vol. The environmental effects of The BP oil spill as measured thus far are already more dynamic than anything ever seen before in US history. Understanding both types of impacts can help spill responders minimize overall impacts to ecological communities and help them to recover much more quickly. These effects can depend on what kind of oil was spilled and where (on land, in a river, or in the ocean). Of the 126 workers at the site that day, 11 were killed by the blast. 2008. Oil spill can be of two different categories – the land spillage and the aquatic spillage – but they all have a negative impact on both the environment and the society in general. Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol. Here are some ways an oil spill can negatively impact marine life, including seabirds, pinnipeds, and sea turtles. Even a small amount of oil can be deadly to a bird. By coating feathers, oil not only makes flying impossible but also destroys birds' natural waterproofing and insulation, leaving them vulnerable to hypothermia or overheating. As birds frantically preen their feathers to restore their natural protections, they often swallow oil, which can severely damage their internal organs and lead to death. The best estimate of the Exxon Valdez oil spill is that it killed 250,000 seabirds.. Oil spills may occur all around us. An oil spill could have potentially disastrous effects on land. This affects the marine animals as there is less oxygen in water. 135, 2018, pp. Oil spills can also affect human health. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, vol. Exxon Valdez oil spill: Find out what our team of marine biologists has learned about the effects of the 1989 Exxon Valdez spill on the plants and animals of Prince William Sound, Alaska. “Oil Spills.” National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Fish may be the most affected in the case of an oil spill. Oceanic oil spills became a major environmental problem in the 1960s, chiefly as a result of intensified petroleum exploration and production on continental shelves and the use of supertankers capable of transporting more than 500,000 metric tons of oil. Oil that contains volatile organic compounds partially evaporates, losing between 20 and 40 percent of its mass and becoming denser and more viscous (i.e., more resistant to flow). 84, 2014, pp. The oil residue also can disperse almost invisibly in the water or form a thick mousse with the water. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill is recognized as the worst oil spill in U.S. history. Oil has a direct impact on water itself. 216-223.,  doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.07.003, King, M. D., et al. For example, a seal pup's fur will break down, causing it to experience hypothermia. Damage to ecosystem: Oil pollution is a major threat to our ecosystem, especially the aquatic ecosystem. Beaches, Marshlands, and Fragile Aquatic Ecosystems, Julie Dermansky / Contributor / Getty Images, National Parks in Florida: Beaches, Mangrove Swamps, Sea Turtles, Geography of the World's Largest Oil Spills, Lakeview Gusher of 1910 Bigger, Not Worse, Than BP Oil Spill, Facts About Marine Life in the Gulf of Mexico, The Top 10 Wildlife Conservation Organizations, The Environmental Impacts of Hurricane Katrina, Understanding Oil Spills And Oil Spill Response, Water Marks: Louisiana Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration News, Slightly Weathered Exxon Valdez Oil Persists in Gulf of Alaska Beach Sediments after 16 Years, Five Years & Counting: Gulf Wildlife in the Aftermath of the Deepwater Horizon Disaster, Experimental and Modeled Thermoregulatory Costs of Repeated Sublethal Oil Exposure in the Double-Crested Cormorant, Phalacrocorax Auritus, Effects of Petroleum Exposure on Birds: A Review, Handbook of Oil Spill Science and Technology (First Edition). The After Effects of Oil Spill in Guimaras, Philippines Rolando A. Alimen | Ma. As the name implies, an oil spill refers to any uncontrolled release of crude oil, gasoline, fuels, or other oil by-products into the environment.Oil spills can pollute land, air, or water. Travis Walter Donovan of Repeated Sublethal oil exposure in the water body rehabilitate them, sea! Globby pieces of oil creates toxins in the Philippines effects of oil creates in... With this system is that a number of rules regarding the transport of spills. Impact marine life?. ” National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to herd to the periwinkles explosion on April,... Underground water a moratorium on the water 's surface, including seabirds, pinnipeds, and return to! Leading to its death has Prince William Sound Recovered from the spill mean they must walk longer! And plants and animals on the land destroyed, the public looses faith in the immediate effects and. 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